Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names and images used in commerce.
Intellectual property is divided into two categories
- Industrial Property
- Copyright
1. Industrial Property
Industrial property includes patents for inventions, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographical indications.
Patents:
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention for a certain period of time. Generally speaking, a patent provides the patent owner with the right to decide how the invention can be used by others. In exchange for this right, the patent owner makes technical information about the invention publicly available in the published patent document.
Trademark:
A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises. Trademarks date back to ancient times when artisans used to put their signature or "mark" on their products.
Industrial designs:
An industrial design constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article. A design may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color.
Geographical indications:
Geographical indications and appellations of origin are signs used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities, a reputation or characteristics that are essentially attributable to that place of origin. Most commonly, a geographical indication includes the name of the place of origin of the goods
2. Copyright
Copyright covers literary works (such as novels, poems, and plays, films, music, artistic works (e.g., drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures) and architectural design. Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and broadcasters in their radio and television programs.
Why it should be protected?
IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. By striking the right balance between the interests of innovators and the wider public interest, the IP system aims to promote an environment in which creativity and innovation can growth.
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